Upgrading of Biochar through Co-torrefaction of Acid-Pretreated Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch and Used Cooking Oil

Sunarno Sunarno, Panca Setia Utama, Zuchra Helwani, Rozana Sri Irianty, Padil Padil, Muhammad Iwan Fermi

Abstract


Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) can be used as solid fuel in boiler units. However, this biomass contains high potassium which can cause fouling and slagging on the tubes and boiler walls. The pretreatment method that can reduce the potassium in OPEFB is washing with acidic solutions. Peat water is acidic water and has the potential as a cleaning water for OPEFB. Furthermore, the calorific value of OPEFB can be increased through the co-torrefaction of the OPEFB with other materials having high calorific values. Used cooking oil has a higher calorific value than OPEFB. Current research aimed to examine the influence of the pretreatment of OPEFB with peat water, the ratio of pretreated OPEFB to used cooking oil in the co-torrefaction, and the temperature of the co-torrefaction on the quantity and quality of biochar products. The results showed that the best conditions were the pretreatment with peat water at 50oC for 30 minutes, the ratio of OPEFB:used cooking oil of 2:1 in the co-torrefaction, and the co-torrefaction temperature of 250oC, resulting in biochar with a mass yield of 52.78 wt.%, a calorific value of 34.36 kJ/g, and an energy yield of 91.16%.

Keywords


biochar; co-torrefaction; oil palm empty fruit bunches; peat water;used cooking oil

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References


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DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.20508/ijrer.v15i2.14940.g9066

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