Implementation of DFIG Based Wind Turbine Emulator System in Real Time Embedded Controller and Chopper Fed DC Drive

V Vignesh Babu, J Preetha Roselyn, C Nithya

Abstract


As the power grid is significantly experiencing an increase in the penetration of renewable sources, this has an impact on grid integration and power quality. While wind energy is an abundantly available clean source of renewable energy, its increasing penetration into the utility grid introduces significant power quality issues and operational complexities. In this work, the active and reactive power flow between the supply and the supply-side converter may be independently controlled by the Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) - based Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS). The wind turbine is emulated as a DFIG driven by a torque-controlled DC drive. The DC motor will generate the exact torque that the wind turbine will generate based on the wind velocity and pitch angle. The wind power generation is represented by DFIG and a separately excited DC motor coupled with a utility grid. This wind emulator simulates various wind turbine scenarios to test control techniques, including wind-to-grid energy transfer, torque and speed calculations, rotor-grid synchronization, and phase angle control. A key focus of our proposed approach is the hardware optimization of the wind emulator testbench. By implementing a shared DC bus between the DC motor and DFIG, while centralizing all control tasks within a single WAVECT controller.The developed prototype of the wind energy conversion system is used to study the synchronous and sub-synchronous modes of operation under different wind speed conditions. The proposed test system also analyses various test scenarios utilizing WAVECT real-time controller boards.


Keywords


Wind Emulator, Double fed induction generator, Real time Controllers, Torque Controlled dc drive

Full Text:

PDF

References


World Wind Energy Association (WWEA), “Global Wind Installations,” Available: https://wwindea.org/, accessed Aug. 23, 2023.

H. Garg, N. Sharma, and R. Dahiya, “Design and simulation of wind turbine emulator,” in Proc. 2018 IEEE 8th Power India Int. Conf. (PIICON), 2018, pp. 1–6.

J. G. Slootweg, S. W. H. De Haan, H. Polinder, and W. L. Kling, “General model for representing variable speed wind turbines in power system dynamics simulations,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 144–151, 2003.

O. Alkul, D. Syed, and S. Demirbas, “A review of wind energy conversion systems,” in Proc. 2022 10th Int. Conf. Smart Grid (icSmartGrid), 2022, pp. 72–77.

M. Allouche, S. Abderrahim, H. Ben Zina, and M. Chaabane, “A novel fuzzy control strategy for maximum power point tracking of wind energy conversion system,” Int. J. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 120–127, 2019.

A. Ramanath, J. D. M. Deivanayagam, S. Raju, and N. Mohan, “An extremely low-cost wind emulator,” in Proc. IECON 2018 – 44th Annual Conf. IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2018, pp. 1675–1680.

G. Liu, S. Wang, and J. Zhang, “Design and realization of DC motor and drives based simulator for small wind turbine,” in Proc. Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conf., 2010, pp. 1–4.

S. Kouadria, S. Belfedhal, Y. Meslem, and E. M. Berkouk, “Development of real time wind turbine emulator based on DC motor controlled by hysteresis regulator,” in Proc. Int. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conf. (IRSEC), 2013, pp. 246–250.

F. Blaabjerg, M. Liserre, and K. Ma, “Power electronics converters for wind turbine systems,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 708–719, 2011.

I. Nouira, A. Khedher, and A. Bouallegue, “A contribution to the design and installation of a universal platform of a wind emulator using a DC motor,” Int. J. Renewable Energy Research, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 797–804, 2012.

M. Yessef, B. Bossoufi, M. Taoussi, S. Motahhir, A. Lagrioui, H. Chojaa, S. Lee, B. G. Kang, and M. Abouhawwash, “Improving the maximum power extraction from wind turbines using a second-generation CRONE controller,” Energies, vol. 15, p. 3644, 2022.

A. Loulijat, H. Chojaa, M. El Marghichi, N. Ettalabi, A. Hilali, A. Mouradi, A. Y. Abdelaziz, Z. M. S. Elbarbary, and M. A. Mossa, “Enhancement of LVRT ability of DFIG wind turbine by an improved protection scheme with a modified advanced nonlinear control loop,” Processes, vol. 11, p. 1417, 2023.

H. Dahiya and R. Dahiya, “Development of wind turbine emulator for standalone wind energy conversion system,” in Proc. IEEE 6th Int. Conf. Power Systems (ICPS), New Delhi, India, 2016, pp. 1–6.

M. El Mokadem, V. Courtecuisse, C. Saudemont, B. Robyns, and J. Deuse, “Experimental study of variable speed wind generator contribution to primary frequency control,” Renewable Energy, pp. 833–844, 2009.

Z. Dekali, L. Baghli, A. Boumediene, and M. Djemai, “Control of a grid connected DFIG based wind turbine emulator,” in Proc. 5th Int. Symp. Environment-Friendly Energies and Applications (EFEA), Rome, Italy, 2018, pp. 1–6.

J. Castelló, J. M. Espí, and R. García-Gil, “Development details and performance assessment of a wind turbine emulator,” Renewable Energy, vol. 86, pp. 848–857, 2016.

M. Monfared, H. Madadi Kojabadi, and H. Rastegar, “Static and dynamic wind turbine simulator using a converter controlled DC motor,” Renewable Energy, vol. 33, pp. 906–913, 2008.

H. Guo, B. Zhou, J. Li, F. Cheng, and L. Zhang, “Real-time simulation of BLDC-based wind turbine emulator using RT-LAB,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Electrical Machines and Systems, Tokyo, Japan, 2009, pp. 1–6.

Y. E. A. Eldahab, H. Saad, and A. Zekry, “Assessing wind energy conversion systems based on newly developed wind turbine emulator,” Int. J. Smart Grid, vol. 4, no. 4, 2020.

M. Monfared, H. Rastegar, and B. Moradzadeh, “A more accurate dynamic wind energy conversion system emulator,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Electrical and Control Technologies (ECT), Kaunas, Lithuania, 2007, pp. 151–156.

N. Muntean, L. Tutelea, D. Petrila, and O. Pelan, “Hardware-in-the-loop wind turbine emulator,” in Proc. Int. Aegean Conf. Electrical Machines and Power Electronics, Istanbul, Turkey, 2011, pp. 53–58.

R. Nair and G. Narayanan, “Emulation of wind turbine system using vector controlled induction motor drive,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 56, pp. 4124–4133, 2020.

L. Chang, R. Doraiswami, T. Boutot, and H. Kojabadi, “Development of a wind turbine simulator for wind energy conversion systems,” in Proc. Canadian Conf. Electrical and Computer Engineering, Halifax, Canada, 2000, pp. 550–554.

V. T. Ha, V. H. Phuong, N. T. Lam, and N. P. Quang, “A dead-beat current controller based wind turbine emulator,” in Proc. Int. Conf. System Science and Engineering (ICSSE), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 2017, pp. 169–174.

A. Mesbahi, M. Khafallah, A. Saad, and A. Nouaiti, “Emulator design for a small wind turbine driving a self-excited induction generator,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Electrical and Information Technologies (ICEIT), Rabat, Morocco, 2017, pp. 1–6.

I. Moore and J. Ekanayake, “Design and development of a hardware based wind turbine simulator,” in Proc. 45th Int. Universities Power Engineering Conf. (UPEC), Cardiff, UK, 2010, pp. 1–5.

I. Moussa, A. Bouallegue, and A. Khedher, “New wind turbine emulator based on DC machine: Hardware implementation using FPGA board for an open-loop operation,” IET Circuits Devices & Systems, vol. 13, pp. 896–902, 2019.

G. Gökku? and A. Kulaks?z, “Design and implementation of a wind turbine emulator using an induction motor and direct current machine,” Int. J. Renewable Energy Research, vol. 10, 2020.




DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.20508/ijrer.v16i1.15144.g9163

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Online ISSN: 1309-0127

Publisher: Gazi University

IJRER is indexed in EI Compendex, SCOPUS, EBSCO, WEB of SCIENCE (Clarivate Analytics)and CrossRef.

IJRER has been indexed in Emerging Sources Citation Index from 2016 in web of science.

WEB of SCIENCE in 2025; 

h=35,

Average citation per item=6.59

Last three Years Impact Factor=(1947+1753+1586)/(146+201+78)=5286/425=12.43

Category Quartile:Q4